History of India stone age
This period is considered to be the earliest period of human civilization. This period can be divided into three parts. -1. Palae Stone Age Paleolithic Age 2. Middle Stone Age Mesolithic Age and Neolithic Age
3. Neolithic Age or North Stone Age
Palaeolithic period
In Greek language, Palaios was used in ancient and Lithos means of stone. Based on these words, the word Paleolithic Age (Stone Age) is made. This period is also known as the last and food-harvesting period. So far, the remnants of the Purana Para Manch man have not been found from anywhere, whatever is found in the form of remnants, is the stone tools to be used at that time. Based on the available equipment, it is estimated that it is approximately 2,50,000 BC Will be of It is estimated that the presence of 'human' on this earth is almost 14 lakh years old, just recently, the remains found in excavation in 'Bori', Maharashtra. The stone tools made from round stones meet mainly in the Sohan river valley. The main stones and the tools made by flax system are mainly found in Madras, presently Chennai. The stone tools manufactured from these two systems are found in Singrauli Valley, Mirzapur and Belan Valley, Allahabad. Mum mountain caves and chapattis are also important in Bhim Betaka near Bhopal Nagar of Madhya Pradesh. The lives of humans at this time were completely dependent on hunting. They were unaware of the use of fire. Probably the men of this time were Negreto Negreto caste. In India, the Palaeolithic Age is unity in the three stages on the basis of technology-technology. These states are-
Palaeolithic cultures
1. The following archaeological period: handmade Hand-axe and eligibility Cleaver industry 2. Middle Paleolithic: Tools made from flax 3. High Paleolithic: Tools made on scales and blades
places of pre-Pala period are:
1. Pahalgam - Kashmir 2. Venalghati - in Allahabad district, Uttar Pradesh 3. Bhimbetka and Adamgarh - Madhya Pradesh in Hoshangabad district 4. 16 R and Singi Talab - in Nagaur District, Rajasthan 5. Nevasa - Maharashtra in Ahmednagar district 6. Hansagi - Karnataka in Gulbarga district 7. Attirampakkam - Tamilnadu
The important places of Middle Paleolithic age are
1. Bambataka 2. Nevasa 3. Pushkar 4. Rohini hills of Upper Sindh 5. Samapur at the edge of Narmada Based on the changes in the size and climate of the stone equipment used in the Paleolithic period, we can divide this period into three categories.-
1. The following Pura stone periods (2,50,000-1,00,000 BC) 2. Middle Palaeolithic period (1,00,000- 40,000 BC) 3. High Palaeolithic period (40,000- 10,000 BC)
Middle Stone Age
The tools used in this period were very small in size, which were called Microitolysis Microliths. In the Middle Stone period substances such as Jesper, Agate, Chart, and Chacsidine were used instead of quartzite raw materials used in the Paleolithic period. The stone tools at this time have been found in Rajasthan, Malwa, Gujarat, West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Mysore. Recently some relics have also been received from Mirzapur's Singrauli, Banda and Vidhya areas. Some remnants of the Middle Stone man bone are obtained from Pratapgarh, Sarai Nahar Rai of Uttar Pradesh and from a place called Mahdaha. Middle-stone life was also more dependent on hunting. By this time people had started hunting cows, bulls, sheep, horses and buffaloes in animals. On the basis of evidence of the unchanged biological chromosomes of the living person, the earliest evidence of human birth in India is from Kerala, which is likely to be seventeen thousand years old. This person meets chromosomal biological chromosomes (jeans) of ancient humans. [1] This is the time when humans from Africa started settling in many parts of the world, which considered fifty to seventy thousand years ago. goes. The first proof of farming is to plant saphar in Rajasthan, which is seven thousand years old from Isa. Between 3000 BC and 1500 BC, there was an advanced civilization in the Indus Valley, whose remains were found in Mohan Joddo (Muen-Joe-Dado) and Harappa. It is believed that the entry of the Aryans in India came later. In the Vedas, we get a glimpse of the civilization of that period. Based on some evidence in the last phase of the Middle Stone Age, it seems that people were attracted towards agriculture and animal husbandry. At present, it is clear from the samadhi that people were familiar with funerals. With the human bishopanger, dog bishops have been found somewhere, which appear to be the companions of man since ancient times. 6th century BC in Bagor and Adamgarh Evidence of sheep and goats kept by the Middle Stone Age people around. Middle Stone Age is an important place of culture -
Important places of Middle Stone Age culture
1. Bagar - Rajasthan 2. Lankhanaj - Gujarat 3. Sarai Naharrai, Chopani Mando, Mahagra and Damdamya - Uttar Pradesh 4. Bhimbetka, Adamapur - Madhya Pradesh
Neolithic or North Stone Age
Normally this period is dated to 3500 BC To 1000 B.C. Is believed to be between. The Neo word for the Greek language is used in the new meaning. Hence this period is also called 'Neolithic period'. The civilization of this era was spread across vast areas of India. Firstly in 1860 AD, 'Le Mesurier' Le Mesurier obtained the first stench tool of this period from the valley of Tons River in Uttar Pradesh. After this, in 1872, Nublian Fraser declared Karnataka's 'Bellary' area as the main site of the north-stone carpet civilization of South India. In addition to this, the main centers of civilization are: Kashmir, Sindh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Assam etc. The stone tools obtained at this time were made of deep Trap Dark Traprock which had a special type of polished finish . The earliest evidence of the cultivation of rice in Neolithic stone comes from the place called 'Kaldihwa' near Allahabad, during its time of 7000-6000 BC. is believed. In addition to paddy, there is evidence of farming. One animal has also been found in Mahagra. By this time the stone civilization had developed very well. Now the man became a producer and consumer of food by overtaking a sage, a farmer. Now he renounced the life of a nomadic life and started attracting the life of a stable life. He also had knowledge of the technique of making utensils. Probably used to use animal skins instead of garments. Some mountain ranges and utensils obtained from the Neolithic Stone have the effect of painting. The beginning of agricultural commencement must have occurred in the new stone age but the place where Krishi Karam first started was a matter of controversy. Evidence obtained so far in the excavation running since 1977, it is estimated that agricultural activity began at 'Mehrgarh' on the banks of 'Bolan River' in 'Kachchi Maidan' situated on the border of Sindh and Balochistan. The people of this civilization had started using fire. The first 'Kumbhakari' is visible in this period. Neolithic are important places -
Neo-Stone Important Places
1. Gumkharal and Burjahom - Kashmir 2. Mahagra, Chopani Mando and Kaldihwa - Wellan Valley of Uttar Pradesh 3. Chirand - Bihar
Copper-stone age
In the time when humans experimented with stone and copper tools, that period is called 'Tamar-Stone Age'. The first metal used in tools was - 'copper'. It is believed that the first use of copper is estimated to be around 5000 B.C. Was done in In India, the main area of copper stone phase is in south-east Rajasthan, western part of Madhya Pradesh, Western Maharashtra and south-eastern India. In the dry areas of 'Banas Valley' located in southeastern Rajasthan, excavations of 'Ahada' and 'Gilund' were excavated. Excavation at Malwa and 'Aryan' places was completed, which is located in western Madhya Pradesh. In the excavation, 'Mudbhand', which is derived from Malwa, is considered to be the best among other mudrails derived from the excavation of the Tamarpasan period. The extensive excavation areas in Western Maharashtra include the areas of Songaon, Inamgaon, in Zurve, Nevassa and Dayamabad, Pune district of Ahmednagar. All these areas come under the 'Zoroastrian culture'. The time of this culture is 1,400-700 BC Is considered near. However, this civilization was started in urban areas but in some parts like 'Dayamabad' and 'Inamgaon' urbanization was started. Flat axes, bangles and many sheets have been found in 'Ahar' in 'Banasghati'. These were all equipment manufactured from copper. People of 'Ahar' or 'Tambvili' already had information about metals. Amhar culture ranges from 2,100 to 1,500 BC Is considered to be between the middle. 'Gilundu', where the remnants of a stone pane industry are found, are considered the focal point of 'Ahar Culture'. In this period people used to farm wheat, paddy and pulses. In cattle, they used to feed cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, pigs and camels. The remains of a five-room house have been found in the 'Zorvo culture'. Life was generally rural. Chalk-built red and black colored "coral" have been found. On the basis of some 'utensils', such as 'simple utensils' and 'ordinary bowls', 'yarn and silk thread' and 'bead necklace' found in 'Kayastha' in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, it is unanimity that the 'Tamar-stone period' People were familiar with spinning and gold business At this time the body of the dead bodies was buried within the house of the rites of the dead bodies. Sheesh of east and west of the dead bodies found in south India and towards west and towards Maharashtra are found on the north side and side south of the dead body. Approximate total pulse in western India and partial flooding was prevalent in eastern India. People of this era were unaware of writing art. The idol of Taurus built in the soil obtained in Rajasthan and Malwa, and the idol of 'Motherdee', derived from 'Anam village', seems like people used to worship Taurus and Mother Goddess. According to date order there are several branches of copper-colony in India. Some are 'Prem Harappaipi', some are contemporaries of Harappa culture, others are from post-war period. The 'Kalibanga' of Rajasthan and the 'Banwali' of Haryana are clearly of the stone-stone phase under 'Prachhar Harappan Kalin culture'. 1,200 BC Nearly 'copper-stone culture' is omitted. Only 'jorvey culture' only 700 B.C. Could be left till The remnants of the first painted pots meet only in 'Tamar-Pahanik Kaal'. People of this period firstly established large large villages in the Indian mainland.
Coptic Cultures:-
1. Ahar culture - about 1700-1500 BC 2. Kayath culture - approximately 2000-1800 BC 3. Malva culture - about 1500-1200 BC 4. Sawalda culture - about 2300-2200 BC 5. Georgia Culture - Approximately 1400-700 BC Prabhas culture - approximately 1800-1200 BC 7. Rangpur culture - approximately 1500-1200 BC
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